The Role of Non-State Actors in Contemporary International Security

Abstract

This paper critically examined the role and impact of non-state actors (NSAs), particularly terrorist groups, on contemporary international security. In the context of the ever-evolving global political landscape, these actors have grown in prominence and complexity, challenging traditional security paradigms. This paper explored the rise of NSAs, their strategies, tactics, and the overall impact they have on international security. The study adopted a descriptive research design, using secondary sources of data, and content analysis method. The theory of asymmetrical warfare was adopted. This posits that weaker parties in a conflict can counterbalance the strengths of their stronger adversaries by employing unconventional tactics and strategies that exploit vulnerabilities and take advantage of the asymmetry of power and resources. The study assessed the effectiveness of national and international counter-terrorism responses, highlighting the necessity for comprehensive, adaptive strategies that balance security objectives, human rights, and the root causes of radicalization. In the future of security landscapes, the study reviewed the continued growth of cyber-terrorism, the increasing influence of transnational networks, evolving terrorist tactics in response to counter-terrorism measures, exploitation of geopolitical instabilities, and the greater role of private sector and civil society.