Real Investments as a Factor in Increasing The Development of The Country's Economy

Abstract

This article examines the role of real investments as a critical factor in enhancing the sustainable development of a national economy. In the context of globalization and growing international competition, the modernization of economic sectors and effective capital allocation are indispensable for long-term economic growth. Real investments, directed toward the creation and improvement of material assets—such as infrastructure, industrial facilities, and technological innovations—form the basis of productive capacity expansion and improved labor efficiency. The article analyzes how targeted real investment strategies can serve as catalysts for increasing GDP, improving employment rates, and developing regional economies. It also highlights the growing importance of science, education, and innovation-related expenditures in global investment portfolios, especially in developed countries. The paper explores Uzbekistan’s investment dynamics, emphasizing reforms aligned with the “Uzbekistan-2030” strategy and the growing role of foreign direct investment in industrial sectors such as textiles, services, and construction. Statistical data are presented to illustrate the growth in capital investments across various regions of Uzbekistan. Furthermore, the article addresses challenges such as inefficient fund allocation, lack of strategic planning, and the underutilization of investment potential. By using logical and comparative analysis, the study draws attention to the importance of developing a favorable investment climate, strengthening public-private partnerships, and implementing structural reforms to increase real investment efficiency. The author concludes that real investments are vital not only for achieving macroeconomic stability but also for stimulating innovation, improving the population’s welfare, and enhancing the country's overall global economic competitiveness.