Peculiarities of the Spread of Sufi Orders in Europe
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31150/ajshr.v5i6.2811Keywords:
European Muslims, sufism, sufi orders, Haqqaniyyah, Naqshbandiyyah, Nematullahiyya, Qadariyah, Tijaniya, Muridiya, Ahmadiyya-Idrisiya, Shaziliya.Abstract
The article provides information on the history of the spread and development of Sufi orders in Europe, as well as their current status. The article also analyzes the activity characteristics and development trends of orders with Sunni and Shiite views following the interest in Sufism among the European population.
References
Sufism in Europe and North America / Edited by Westerlund D. – N. Y., Routledge, 2004.
Hermansen, Marcia K. In the Garden of American Sufi-Movements: Hybrids and Perennials, in New Trends and Developments in the World of Islam // ed. Peter B. Clarke. – London: Luzac, 1997.
Jironet, Karin. The Image of Spiritual Liberty in the Sufi Movement
Following Hazrat Inayat Khan. Amsterdam: Universiteit van Amsterdam, Bureau Grafische Producties, 1998.
Webb, Gisela. ‘Tradition and Innovation in Contemporary American Islamic Spirituality: The Bawa Muhaiyadeen Fellowship’, in Muslim Communities in North America, ed. Yvonne Y. Haddad and Jane I. Smith. Albany: State University of New
