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The Role of Human Resources Re-Engineering in Enhancing the University Service Quality- Analytical and Exploratory Study
American Journal of Economics and Business Management,
Vol. 8 No. 4 (2025): April
Abstract
This research aims to explore the role of human resources re-engineering as an independent variable in enhancing the quality of university service, in order to keep pace with the requirements of the fourth revolution in education and raise the scientific level that civilized societies seek. This research comes in light of the large gap between the intellectual proposal and the practical reality in Iraqi universities, which calls for the need to adopt innovative strategies to restructure human resources in line with technological transformations and modern requirements. Data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to 30 administrative leaders at the College of Engineering at Al Qasim Green University. The data was processed and hypotheses were tested using a number of statistical methods. The results showed a correlation and statistical effect between human resources reengineering in its dimensions and the quality of university service. The strongest positive correlation was between the organizational dimension and service quality, while the weakest correlation was between the technological dimension and service quality, which was also positive.
The value of the research lies in its focus on the human element and studying the surrounding conditions and means of improving them. It provides practical solutions to problems in the field of human re-engineering, in addition to providing indicators that help managers adopt a human re-engineering approach to achieve change and quality in university service.
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- Pangandaman H. K., Ali N. D., Lambayong J. C., Ergas M. G. “Philippine Higher Education Vis-À-Vis Education 4.0: A Scoping Review”, International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications, vol. 3 Issue 3, pp. 65-69, 2019.
- Gueye M. L, Expósito E. “University 4.0: The Industry 4.0 Paradigm Applied to Education IX Congreso Nacional de Tecnologías en la Educación”, Puebla (Mexico), France. ffhal-02957371f, 2020.
- Kalinina S., Davydyuk L., & Horudzy Y. “Human resources reengineering as a direction of the strategy of anti-crisis development of corporate structures”, Public Security and Public Order, Research Journal, vol. 24, pp. 92-94, 2020. DOI: 10.13165/PSPO-20-24-07.
- Noe R., Hollenbeck J., Gerhart B., and Wright P. “Fundamentals of Human Resource Management”, (6th) edition, McGraw Hill Education, USA, 2016.
- Issa, Abeer Yaqoub Mohammad & Al Sarayreh ,Aktham “The Impact of Human Resources Re-engineering in Enhancing Monitoring the oversight of money laundering operations: The modified role of organizational factors in Jordanian banks”, Journal of Positive School Psychology,vol.6, no.7,635, 2022.
- Al-Jarjari, Ahmed Hussein Hassan & Al-Obaidi, Nour Ali Abboud “The role of strategic orientation in re-engineering human resources an analytical study of the opinions of a sample of administrative leaders at the University of Mosul”, Al-Muthanna Journal of Economic and Social Sciences, vol.11, no. 1, pp. 116-117, 2020. DOI:10.52113/6/2021-11/111-126.
- Djegham, Souad & Khaldi, Mohamed “Re-engineering human resources and its role in achieving job satisfaction for professors of the Faculty of Economic Commercial and Management Sciences at the University of M'sila”, Administrative And Financial Sciences Review,vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 457-458, 2021. DOI:10.37644/1939-005-002-024.
- Sharma, Devadesh “Human Resource Reengineering (A Radical Rethinking and Role of New Technology in HR Optimization”, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH,vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 194-195, 2013.
- Giphin D. & Murphy P. “Management in Complex World” New York, USA ,Oxford University, 2018.
- Shahmandy A., Silong A. D. & Abu Samah S. A. “Facilitating Global Economy Process through Human Resource Re-engineering and Knowledge Management”. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 03, pp. 218-223, 2012.
- Daft, Richard L. “Organization Theory and Design”, Soutr-western Thomson learning, 2001.
- Menberu A. “The Ups and Downs of Business Process Reengineering (BPR): A Tale of Taw Officces in Bahie Dar Town, Ethiopia”, Annual International Interdisciplinary Conference, AIIC, pp. 24-26, 2013.
- Milan R., Milan B., Marko C., Jovanovic V., Dalibor B., Bojic2 Z., & Avramovic N. “Implementation of Business Process Reengineering in Human Resource Management” Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 212-213, 2014. http//:dx.doi/org/10.5755/j01.ee.25.2.4590.
- Stacey R. & Mowles C. “Strategic Management and Organisational Dynamics”, 7th ed., Published by Pearson Education Limited, United kingdom, 2016.
- Mathis R., and Jackson J. “Human Resource Management”, (14th) edition. South Western Cengage Learning. USA, 2014.
- Blinov A. & Rudakova O. “Re-engineering of Human Resources as the Foundation for the New Economy”, International Conference on Economics Management, Law and Education, Atlantis Press, pp. 211-214, 2015. DOI:10.2991/emle-15.2015.49.
- Jackson S. E., Schuler R. S. & Werner S9 “Managing human resources”, 12thed., published by Oxford University Press, New York, United States of America, 2018.
- Daft R. L. “Organization theory and design”, 12th Edition, published By Cengage learning, United States of America, 2016.
- Samson D.,Donnet T. & Daft R. L. “Fundamentals of Management”, 6th ed., Published by Cengage, Australia, 2018.
- Panda S., Pandey S.C., Bennett A., Tian X. “University brand image as competitive advantage: a two country study”, International Journal of Educational Management, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 234-251, 2019. DOI:10.1108/IJEM-12-2017-0374.
- Chen H. J. “Linking role definition rigidity to elementary school teachers’e-service for in-service teacher development” Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 107, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.04.014.
- Santos G., Marques C.S., Justino E., Mendes L. “Understanding social responsibility’s influence on service quality and student satisfaction in higher education”, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 256, 2010. DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120597.
- Hammoud, Khudair Kadm. “total quality management”, Almcera house for publishing distribution and printing Amman, Jordan, 2000.
- Hasan M., Hosen M. Z. “The Quality of University Service: Its Impact on Students' Satisfaction and Loyalty in Bangladesh State University”, International Journal of Asian Education, Vol. 01, No. 3, 2020. https://doi.org/10.46966/ijae.v1i3.46.
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- Cronin J. J. & Taylor S. A. “Measuring Service Quality: A Reexamination and Extension”, Journal of Marketing, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 55-68, 1992. DOI:10.2307/1252296.
- Nkiruka E.R. & Olanrewaju A.K. “Dimensions of Service Quality Encountered By Students on Sustainability of Higher Education in Nigeria” Developing Country Studies, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 149-150, 2014.
- Barua D. & Uddin S. “Service Quality Dimensions of Higher Education Institutions and Students’ Satisfaction: Bangladesh Perspective”, International Journal of Social Science Studies, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 14-16, 2021. DOI:10.11114/ijsss.v9i2.5126.
- Abili K., Thani F. N. & Afarinandehbin M. “Measuring university service quality by means of SERVQUAL method”, Asian Journal on Quality, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 3-4, 2012. DOI:10.1108/15982681211287766.
- Ceylan C. & Ozcelik A. B. “A Circular Approach to SERVQUAL and HOLSAT: An Implementation Suggestion”, Journal of Hotel Business Management, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 2-3, 2016. DOI:10.4172/2169-0286.1000125.
- Palese B. & Usai A. “The relative importance of service quality dimensions in E-commerce experiences” International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 40, pp. 132-140, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.02.001.
- Michael, K. I. D. E. S. T. “Assessment of SERVICE quality and Customer Satisfaction: The Case of Three Selected Private Elementary Schools In Addis Ababa” (Doctoral dissertation, St. Mary's University), pp. 17-19, 2017.
- Nyimbili Fridayand Nyimbili Leah. “Types of Purposive Sampling Techniques with Their Examples and Application in Qualitative Research Studies”, British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies: English Lang., Teaching, Literature, Linguistics & Communication, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 90-99, 2024. DOI:https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0419
References
Pangandaman H. K., Ali N. D., Lambayong J. C., Ergas M. G. “Philippine Higher Education Vis-À-Vis Education 4.0: A Scoping Review”, International Journal of Advanced Research and Publications, vol. 3 Issue 3, pp. 65-69, 2019.
Gueye M. L, Expósito E. “University 4.0: The Industry 4.0 Paradigm Applied to Education IX Congreso Nacional de Tecnologías en la Educación”, Puebla (Mexico), France. ffhal-02957371f, 2020.
Kalinina S., Davydyuk L., & Horudzy Y. “Human resources reengineering as a direction of the strategy of anti-crisis development of corporate structures”, Public Security and Public Order, Research Journal, vol. 24, pp. 92-94, 2020. DOI: 10.13165/PSPO-20-24-07.
Noe R., Hollenbeck J., Gerhart B., and Wright P. “Fundamentals of Human Resource Management”, (6th) edition, McGraw Hill Education, USA, 2016.
Issa, Abeer Yaqoub Mohammad & Al Sarayreh ,Aktham “The Impact of Human Resources Re-engineering in Enhancing Monitoring the oversight of money laundering operations: The modified role of organizational factors in Jordanian banks”, Journal of Positive School Psychology,vol.6, no.7,635, 2022.
Al-Jarjari, Ahmed Hussein Hassan & Al-Obaidi, Nour Ali Abboud “The role of strategic orientation in re-engineering human resources an analytical study of the opinions of a sample of administrative leaders at the University of Mosul”, Al-Muthanna Journal of Economic and Social Sciences, vol.11, no. 1, pp. 116-117, 2020. DOI:10.52113/6/2021-11/111-126.
Djegham, Souad & Khaldi, Mohamed “Re-engineering human resources and its role in achieving job satisfaction for professors of the Faculty of Economic Commercial and Management Sciences at the University of M'sila”, Administrative And Financial Sciences Review,vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 457-458, 2021. DOI:10.37644/1939-005-002-024.
Sharma, Devadesh “Human Resource Reengineering (A Radical Rethinking and Role of New Technology in HR Optimization”, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH,vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 194-195, 2013.
Giphin D. & Murphy P. “Management in Complex World” New York, USA ,Oxford University, 2018.
Shahmandy A., Silong A. D. & Abu Samah S. A. “Facilitating Global Economy Process through Human Resource Re-engineering and Knowledge Management”. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 03, pp. 218-223, 2012.
Daft, Richard L. “Organization Theory and Design”, Soutr-western Thomson learning, 2001.
Menberu A. “The Ups and Downs of Business Process Reengineering (BPR): A Tale of Taw Officces in Bahie Dar Town, Ethiopia”, Annual International Interdisciplinary Conference, AIIC, pp. 24-26, 2013.
Milan R., Milan B., Marko C., Jovanovic V., Dalibor B., Bojic2 Z., & Avramovic N. “Implementation of Business Process Reengineering in Human Resource Management” Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 212-213, 2014. http//:dx.doi/org/10.5755/j01.ee.25.2.4590.
Stacey R. & Mowles C. “Strategic Management and Organisational Dynamics”, 7th ed., Published by Pearson Education Limited, United kingdom, 2016.
Mathis R., and Jackson J. “Human Resource Management”, (14th) edition. South Western Cengage Learning. USA, 2014.
Blinov A. & Rudakova O. “Re-engineering of Human Resources as the Foundation for the New Economy”, International Conference on Economics Management, Law and Education, Atlantis Press, pp. 211-214, 2015. DOI:10.2991/emle-15.2015.49.
Jackson S. E., Schuler R. S. & Werner S9 “Managing human resources”, 12thed., published by Oxford University Press, New York, United States of America, 2018.
Daft R. L. “Organization theory and design”, 12th Edition, published By Cengage learning, United States of America, 2016.
Samson D.,Donnet T. & Daft R. L. “Fundamentals of Management”, 6th ed., Published by Cengage, Australia, 2018.
Panda S., Pandey S.C., Bennett A., Tian X. “University brand image as competitive advantage: a two country study”, International Journal of Educational Management, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 234-251, 2019. DOI:10.1108/IJEM-12-2017-0374.
Chen H. J. “Linking role definition rigidity to elementary school teachers’e-service for in-service teacher development” Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 107, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.04.014.
Santos G., Marques C.S., Justino E., Mendes L. “Understanding social responsibility’s influence on service quality and student satisfaction in higher education”, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 256, 2010. DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120597.
Hammoud, Khudair Kadm. “total quality management”, Almcera house for publishing distribution and printing Amman, Jordan, 2000.
Hasan M., Hosen M. Z. “The Quality of University Service: Its Impact on Students' Satisfaction and Loyalty in Bangladesh State University”, International Journal of Asian Education, Vol. 01, No. 3, 2020. https://doi.org/10.46966/ijae.v1i3.46.
Ramovš M. & Milfelner B. “The Importance of Educational Service Quality for Customer Satisfaction and Organizational Reputation”, Naše Gospodarstvo/Our Economy, vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 29-40, 2023. DOI: 10.2478/ngoe-2023-0009.
Torabi M. & Bélanger C.H. “Influence of Online Reviews on Student Satisfaction Seen through a Service Quality Model” Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, vol. 16, no. 7, pp. 3063-3077, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer16070167.
Cronin J. J. & Taylor S. A. “Measuring Service Quality: A Reexamination and Extension”, Journal of Marketing, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 55-68, 1992. DOI:10.2307/1252296.
Nkiruka E.R. & Olanrewaju A.K. “Dimensions of Service Quality Encountered By Students on Sustainability of Higher Education in Nigeria” Developing Country Studies, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 149-150, 2014.
Barua D. & Uddin S. “Service Quality Dimensions of Higher Education Institutions and Students’ Satisfaction: Bangladesh Perspective”, International Journal of Social Science Studies, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 14-16, 2021. DOI:10.11114/ijsss.v9i2.5126.
Abili K., Thani F. N. & Afarinandehbin M. “Measuring university service quality by means of SERVQUAL method”, Asian Journal on Quality, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 3-4, 2012. DOI:10.1108/15982681211287766.
Ceylan C. & Ozcelik A. B. “A Circular Approach to SERVQUAL and HOLSAT: An Implementation Suggestion”, Journal of Hotel Business Management, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 2-3, 2016. DOI:10.4172/2169-0286.1000125.
Palese B. & Usai A. “The relative importance of service quality dimensions in E-commerce experiences” International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 40, pp. 132-140, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.02.001.
Michael, K. I. D. E. S. T. “Assessment of SERVICE quality and Customer Satisfaction: The Case of Three Selected Private Elementary Schools In Addis Ababa” (Doctoral dissertation, St. Mary's University), pp. 17-19, 2017.
Nyimbili Fridayand Nyimbili Leah. “Types of Purposive Sampling Techniques with Their Examples and Application in Qualitative Research Studies”, British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies: English Lang., Teaching, Literature, Linguistics & Communication, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 90-99, 2024. DOI:https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0419