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  3. Vol. 5 No. 5 (2022): American Journal of Economics and Business Management
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Vol. 5 No. 5 (2022): American Journal of Economics and Business Management

Issue Published : May 9, 2022
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Employee Training and Development, and Organisational Performance: A Study of Small-Scale Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria

Patrick Ohunmah IGUDIA, PhD
Department of Business Administration, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma

Corresponding Author(s) : Patrick Ohunmah IGUDIA, PhD

[email protected]

American Journal of Economics and Business Management, Vol. 5 No. 5 (2022): American Journal of Economics and Business Management
Article Published : May 10, 2022

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Abstract

This study investigates the impact of employee training on organisational performance with focus on small manufacturing firms in the table (Sachet) water subsector. The organisational scope of the study consisted of two table water factories(Lumen Christi Table Water and Ever-Well Table Water) both at Uromi in Edo State, Nigeria. Organisations train their employees for several reasons one of which is to bridge the existing knowledge and skills gaps in order to increase the effectiveness and productivity level of the employees which ultimately would translate to the overall organisational productivity. Pursuant to this objective, a survey research design was adopted. One hundred and thirty seven (137) respondents made up the total population and sample size used for the study. The study made use of data from primary source – the questionnaire. Data was analysed using Person Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and the one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Results of the hypotheses tests revealed as follows: that the extent to which unsystematic approach to employee training impacted organisational performance was high; that the extent of impact of training design on employee performance was high; that the extent to which training delivery style affected employee performance was high; that there was a very strong positive relationship between employee perception of training and organisational performance; and finally, that the extent to which employee training impacted organisational performance was high. Based on these findings, the study recommends, among others, that a mechanism should be created for proper assessment and evaluation of employee performance after each training exercise as this will ensure that only employees who require training are sent on training

Keywords

Training organisational performance productivity employee performance

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Patrick Ohunmah IGUDIA, PhD. (2022). Employee Training and Development, and Organisational Performance: A Study of Small-Scale Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria. American Journal of Economics and Business Management, 5(5), 38–54. Retrieved from https://globalresearchnetwork.us/index.php/ajebm/article/view/1055
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References
  1. Adamu, S. (2008). Manpower planning and administration, Lagos: National Open University of Nigeria.
  2. Aguinis, H. & Kraiger, K. (2009). Benefits of training and development for individuals and teams, organizations, and society. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 451-474.
  3. Albaladejo, M. & Romijn, H. (2001). Determinants of innovation capability in small UK firms, ECIS working paper No. 00.13.
  4. Association for Talent Development (2016). ATD Releases 2016 State of the Industry Report. Accessed at https://www.td.org/insights/atd-releases-2016-state-of-the-industry-report on 24/03/2022.
  5. Baum, T. & Devine, F. (2007). Skills and training in the hotel sector: The Case of office employment in Northern Ireland. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7, pp. 269–280.
  6. Bean-Mellinger, B. (2019). Coaching and Understudy Assignments as Management Training Methods. http://www.ehow.com/list_7492561, Accessed 24 April, 2021.
  7. Beardwell, I. & Holden, L. (2001). Human Resource Management: A contemporary approach. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
  8. Berge, Z.L. (ed) (2001). Sustaining Distance Training: Integrating Learning Technologies into the Fabric of the Enterprise, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  9. Blakely-Gray, R. (2017). What is the cost of training employees? Accessed at https://www.patriotsoftware.com/blog/payroll/ on 24/03/2022.
  10. Booth, A.L. & Zoega, G. (2000). Why Do Firms Invest in General Training? “Good” Firms and “Bad” Firms as a Source of Monopsony Power, CEPR Discussion Papers 2536,Centre for Economic Policy Research.
  11. Bratton, J. & Gold, J. (2000). Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  12. Brum, S. (2007). What impact does training have on employee commitment and Employee turnover?
  13. Carton, R.B. (2004). Measuring organizational performance: An exploratory study. A Published PhD Dissertation of The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
  14. Chukwunenye, I.O. & Igbokwe, B.N. (2011). Training, manpower development and job performance: perception and relevance among civil servants in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Journal of Economics and International Finance, 3(6), 399-406, http://www.academicjournals.org/JEIF Accessed 9 September 2021.
  15. Collier, W., Green, F., Peirson, J., & Wilkinson, D. (2003). Training and Establishment Survival, Royal Economic Society Annual Conference.
  16. Dearden, L., Reed, H., Van Reenen, J. (2000), Who Gains when Workers Train? Trainingand Corporate Productivity in a Panel of British Industries. IFS Working Paper No.WP 00/04, Institute for Fiscal Studies.
  17. Enyioko, V.U. & Ikoro, E.I. (2017). Effect of Employees Training on Organizational Performance: A Study of Seven-Up Botlling Company, Enugu State Nigeria. IIARD International Journal of Economics and Business Management, 3(10), 48-63.
  18. Ford, D.J. (2004). Evaluating performance improvement, Performance Improvement, 43(1), 36-41.
  19. Goswami, S. & Saha, R.C. (2021). Impact of training on organisational productivity, Asia-Pacific Journal of Management and Technology (AJMT), 1(3), 22-28.
  20. Hamid, S. (2011). A study of effectiveness of training and development programmes of UPSTDG, India – An Analysis, South Asian Journal of Tourism and Heritage, 4(1),74- 82.
  21. Haskel J, Hawkes D, Pereira S (2003), Skills and Productivity in the UK Using Matched Establishment, Worker and Workforce Data, CeRIBA.
  22. Holden, L. (2001). Human resource development: the organization and the national framework, in Beardwell et al. (eds), Human Resource Management: a contemporaryapproach. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.
  23. Jehanzeb, K. & Bashir, N.A. (2013). Training and development programme and its benefits to employee and organisation: A conceptual study. European Journal of business and management, 5(2), 243-252.
  24. Jones, G.R., George, J.M., and Hill, C.W.L. (2000), Contemporary Management, New York: Irwin and McGraw Hills.
  25. Keep, E., Mayhew, K. and Corney, M. (2002), Review of the evidence on the rate of return to employers of investment in training and employer training measures, NJ: SKOPEResearch Paper No. 34.
  26. Khan, R.A.G., Khan, F.A. & Khan, M.A. (2011), Impact of training and development on organizational performance, Global Journal of Management andBusiness Research, 11(7).
  27. Kozlowski, S., Brown, K., Weissbein, D., Cannon-Bowers, J., & Salas, E. (2000). A multilevel approach to training effectiveness, In K.Klein, &S.Kozlowski, (Eds.), MultilevelTheory, Research, and Methods in Organizations: Foundations, Extensions, andNew Directions (157-210). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
  28. Li, C., Naz, S., Khan, S.M.A., Kusi, B. Murad, M. (2019). An empirical investigation on the relationship between a high-performance work system and employee performance: measuring a mediation model through partial least squares–structural equation modeling. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 12, 397-416.
  29. Luo, X. (2000). The rise of personal development training in organisations: A historical and institutional perspective on workplace training programmes in the U.S. Perspectives, 1(6).
  30. Mark, A.G. & Andrew, N. (2000). Perceptions of safety at work: A framework for linking safety climate to safety performance, knowledge, and motivation. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(3), 347-358.
  31. Monday, J.U., Akinola, G.O., Ologbenla, P., & Aladeraji, O.K. (2015). Strategic management and firm performance: A study of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. European Journal of Business and Management, 7(2), 161-171.
  32. Ndibe, B. (2014). The effect of employees training on organizational performance, An Unpublished M.Sc. Proposal of the University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Accessed on 22/03/2022 at https://www.academia.edu/33937063/.
  33. Noe, R.A. (2008). Employee Training and Development, Irwin: McGraw-Hill.
  34. Ogbu, J.O. & Osanaiye, J.I. (2017). Impact of employee training on organizational performance a study of selected insurance firms in Abuja-Nigeria. European Journal of Business and Management, 9(14), 64-72.
  35. Okanya, S.P. (2008). Reconciling organisational performance and employee satisfaction through training: The case of Soroti District Local Government, An Unpublished Master of Arts Degree, at the Institute ofSocial Studies, Hague.
  36. Okotoni, O. & Erero, J. (2005). Manpower training and development in the Nigerian service, African Journal of Public Administration and Management (AJPAM16(1)), 1-13.
  37. Olalere, T.O. & Adesoji, A.A. (2013). Human capital development in First Bank of Nigeria Plc, Mediterranean Journal of Social Science 4(2). 783-801.
  38. Olaniyan, D.A. & Ojo, L.B. (2008). Staff training and development: a vital tool for organisational effectiveness, European Journal of Scientific Research, 24(3), 326-331.
  39. Pai-Po, L., Baboucarr, S., & Chih-Chien, S.L. (2014). Training and Development Impact on Employees’ Performance in the Administrative Cadre of the Personnel Management Office in the Gambia, Journal of International Cooperation, 8(1), 51-86.
  40. Phillip, S. &. Eves, A. (2005). The management of food safety - the role of food hygiene training in the UK service sector. International journal of hospitality management, 25(2), 278-296.
  41. Pinnington, A. & Edwards, T. (2000). Introduction to human resource management, USA: Oxford University Press. Productivity. www.businessdictionary.com/, Accessed 12 June 2021.
  42. Reid, G.C. (2000). The development and survival of new small businesses. Centre for Research into Industry, Enterprise, Finance and the Firm, Scotland: St Andrews University.
  43. Salas, E. & Cannon-Bowers, J.A. (2001). The science of training: a decade of progress, Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 471–499.
  44. Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2007). Research methods for business students, (4th edn), England: Prentice Hall Ltd.
  45. Seufert, S., Guggemos, J., Sailer, M. (2021). Technology-related knowledge, skills, and attitudes of pre- and in-service teachers: The current situation and emerging trends. Computer in Human Behaviour, 115, 1-7.
  46. Smith, G. (2010). How to Increase Job Satisfaction and Improve Employee Engagement, www.chartcourse.com/articlepride.htm.
  47. Tamkin, P. (2005). The contribution of skills to Business Performance, UK: Institute for Employment Studies (IES) Technology (2nd ed), Maryland: International Society for Performance Improvement (ISPI).
  48. Thang, N.N., Quang, T.,& Buyens, D. (2010). The relationship between training and firm performance: Aliterature review, Research and Practice in Human Resource Management, 18(1), 28-45.
  49. Tharenou, P., Saks, M.A. & Moore, C. (2007). A review and critique of research on training and organizational-level outcomes, Human Resource Management Review, 17, 251-273.
  50. Vinita, J. (2016). Training and Development Program and its Benefits to Employee and Organization : A Conceptual Study. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology (IJSRST), 2(5), 80-86
Read More

References


Adamu, S. (2008). Manpower planning and administration, Lagos: National Open University of Nigeria.

Aguinis, H. & Kraiger, K. (2009). Benefits of training and development for individuals and teams, organizations, and society. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 451-474.

Albaladejo, M. & Romijn, H. (2001). Determinants of innovation capability in small UK firms, ECIS working paper No. 00.13.

Association for Talent Development (2016). ATD Releases 2016 State of the Industry Report. Accessed at https://www.td.org/insights/atd-releases-2016-state-of-the-industry-report on 24/03/2022.

Baum, T. & Devine, F. (2007). Skills and training in the hotel sector: The Case of office employment in Northern Ireland. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7, pp. 269–280.

Bean-Mellinger, B. (2019). Coaching and Understudy Assignments as Management Training Methods. http://www.ehow.com/list_7492561, Accessed 24 April, 2021.

Beardwell, I. & Holden, L. (2001). Human Resource Management: A contemporary approach. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.

Berge, Z.L. (ed) (2001). Sustaining Distance Training: Integrating Learning Technologies into the Fabric of the Enterprise, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Blakely-Gray, R. (2017). What is the cost of training employees? Accessed at https://www.patriotsoftware.com/blog/payroll/ on 24/03/2022.

Booth, A.L. & Zoega, G. (2000). Why Do Firms Invest in General Training? “Good” Firms and “Bad” Firms as a Source of Monopsony Power, CEPR Discussion Papers 2536,Centre for Economic Policy Research.

Bratton, J. & Gold, J. (2000). Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Brum, S. (2007). What impact does training have on employee commitment and Employee turnover?

Carton, R.B. (2004). Measuring organizational performance: An exploratory study. A Published PhD Dissertation of The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.

Chukwunenye, I.O. & Igbokwe, B.N. (2011). Training, manpower development and job performance: perception and relevance among civil servants in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Journal of Economics and International Finance, 3(6), 399-406, http://www.academicjournals.org/JEIF Accessed 9 September 2021.

Collier, W., Green, F., Peirson, J., & Wilkinson, D. (2003). Training and Establishment Survival, Royal Economic Society Annual Conference.

Dearden, L., Reed, H., Van Reenen, J. (2000), Who Gains when Workers Train? Trainingand Corporate Productivity in a Panel of British Industries. IFS Working Paper No.WP 00/04, Institute for Fiscal Studies.

Enyioko, V.U. & Ikoro, E.I. (2017). Effect of Employees Training on Organizational Performance: A Study of Seven-Up Botlling Company, Enugu State Nigeria. IIARD International Journal of Economics and Business Management, 3(10), 48-63.

Ford, D.J. (2004). Evaluating performance improvement, Performance Improvement, 43(1), 36-41.

Goswami, S. & Saha, R.C. (2021). Impact of training on organisational productivity, Asia-Pacific Journal of Management and Technology (AJMT), 1(3), 22-28.

Hamid, S. (2011). A study of effectiveness of training and development programmes of UPSTDG, India – An Analysis, South Asian Journal of Tourism and Heritage, 4(1),74- 82.

Haskel J, Hawkes D, Pereira S (2003), Skills and Productivity in the UK Using Matched Establishment, Worker and Workforce Data, CeRIBA.

Holden, L. (2001). Human resource development: the organization and the national framework, in Beardwell et al. (eds), Human Resource Management: a contemporaryapproach. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.

Jehanzeb, K. & Bashir, N.A. (2013). Training and development programme and its benefits to employee and organisation: A conceptual study. European Journal of business and management, 5(2), 243-252.

Jones, G.R., George, J.M., and Hill, C.W.L. (2000), Contemporary Management, New York: Irwin and McGraw Hills.

Keep, E., Mayhew, K. and Corney, M. (2002), Review of the evidence on the rate of return to employers of investment in training and employer training measures, NJ: SKOPEResearch Paper No. 34.

Khan, R.A.G., Khan, F.A. & Khan, M.A. (2011), Impact of training and development on organizational performance, Global Journal of Management andBusiness Research, 11(7).

Kozlowski, S., Brown, K., Weissbein, D., Cannon-Bowers, J., & Salas, E. (2000). A multilevel approach to training effectiveness, In K.Klein, &S.Kozlowski, (Eds.), MultilevelTheory, Research, and Methods in Organizations: Foundations, Extensions, andNew Directions (157-210). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers.

Li, C., Naz, S., Khan, S.M.A., Kusi, B. Murad, M. (2019). An empirical investigation on the relationship between a high-performance work system and employee performance: measuring a mediation model through partial least squares–structural equation modeling. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 12, 397-416.

Luo, X. (2000). The rise of personal development training in organisations: A historical and institutional perspective on workplace training programmes in the U.S. Perspectives, 1(6).

Mark, A.G. & Andrew, N. (2000). Perceptions of safety at work: A framework for linking safety climate to safety performance, knowledge, and motivation. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(3), 347-358.

Monday, J.U., Akinola, G.O., Ologbenla, P., & Aladeraji, O.K. (2015). Strategic management and firm performance: A study of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. European Journal of Business and Management, 7(2), 161-171.

Ndibe, B. (2014). The effect of employees training on organizational performance, An Unpublished M.Sc. Proposal of the University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Accessed on 22/03/2022 at https://www.academia.edu/33937063/.

Noe, R.A. (2008). Employee Training and Development, Irwin: McGraw-Hill.

Ogbu, J.O. & Osanaiye, J.I. (2017). Impact of employee training on organizational performance a study of selected insurance firms in Abuja-Nigeria. European Journal of Business and Management, 9(14), 64-72.

Okanya, S.P. (2008). Reconciling organisational performance and employee satisfaction through training: The case of Soroti District Local Government, An Unpublished Master of Arts Degree, at the Institute ofSocial Studies, Hague.

Okotoni, O. & Erero, J. (2005). Manpower training and development in the Nigerian service, African Journal of Public Administration and Management (AJPAM16(1)), 1-13.

Olalere, T.O. & Adesoji, A.A. (2013). Human capital development in First Bank of Nigeria Plc, Mediterranean Journal of Social Science 4(2). 783-801.

Olaniyan, D.A. & Ojo, L.B. (2008). Staff training and development: a vital tool for organisational effectiveness, European Journal of Scientific Research, 24(3), 326-331.

Pai-Po, L., Baboucarr, S., & Chih-Chien, S.L. (2014). Training and Development Impact on Employees’ Performance in the Administrative Cadre of the Personnel Management Office in the Gambia, Journal of International Cooperation, 8(1), 51-86.

Phillip, S. &. Eves, A. (2005). The management of food safety - the role of food hygiene training in the UK service sector. International journal of hospitality management, 25(2), 278-296.

Pinnington, A. & Edwards, T. (2000). Introduction to human resource management, USA: Oxford University Press. Productivity. www.businessdictionary.com/, Accessed 12 June 2021.

Reid, G.C. (2000). The development and survival of new small businesses. Centre for Research into Industry, Enterprise, Finance and the Firm, Scotland: St Andrews University.

Salas, E. & Cannon-Bowers, J.A. (2001). The science of training: a decade of progress, Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 471–499.

Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2007). Research methods for business students, (4th edn), England: Prentice Hall Ltd.

Seufert, S., Guggemos, J., Sailer, M. (2021). Technology-related knowledge, skills, and attitudes of pre- and in-service teachers: The current situation and emerging trends. Computer in Human Behaviour, 115, 1-7.

Smith, G. (2010). How to Increase Job Satisfaction and Improve Employee Engagement, www.chartcourse.com/articlepride.htm.

Tamkin, P. (2005). The contribution of skills to Business Performance, UK: Institute for Employment Studies (IES) Technology (2nd ed), Maryland: International Society for Performance Improvement (ISPI).

Thang, N.N., Quang, T.,& Buyens, D. (2010). The relationship between training and firm performance: Aliterature review, Research and Practice in Human Resource Management, 18(1), 28-45.

Tharenou, P., Saks, M.A. & Moore, C. (2007). A review and critique of research on training and organizational-level outcomes, Human Resource Management Review, 17, 251-273.

Vinita, J. (2016). Training and Development Program and its Benefits to Employee and Organization : A Conceptual Study. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology (IJSRST), 2(5), 80-86

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